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The VOB (Video Object) file format is essential for DVD video storage, encapsulating video, audio, subtitles, and other data streams into a single binary file. VOB files are structured according to the specifications of the DVD-Video standard, which allows them to be played back on DVD players and compatible software applications. Each VOB file can contain up to 1 GB of data, and when larger video content exceeds this limit, it is split into multiple VOB files.
VOB files are based on the MPEG-2 program stream format, enabling efficient compression and playback of high-quality video and audio. This format supports various audio codecs, including Dolby Digital and PCM, which enhances the overall viewing experience. Subtitles can also be embedded within VOB files, allowing for multi-language support in DVD productions.
When a DVD is authored, its content is arranged in a specific directory structure, with VOB files typically located in the VIDEO_TS folder. The structure also includes IFO (Information) and BUP (Backup) files, which provide the necessary metadata and navigation information for playback. This organization ensures that DVD players can access and play the content in a user-friendly manner, including menus and chapter selections.
Despite its widespread use, VOB files can pose compatibility challenges with various media players, as not all software supports this format natively. Many users may need to convert VOB files to more common formats like MP4 or AVI for better compatibility with modern devices. However, the VOB format remains popular for archiving and distributing video content in the DVD format.