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The Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR) format is a lossy audio compression standard specifically designed for compressing speech. Developed by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), it is widely used in mobile telephony, enabling efficient voice communication over limited bandwidth. The format supports multiple bit rates, allowing for adaptability based on network conditions and available bandwidth.
AMR is often categorized into two main profiles: AMR-NB (Narrowband) and AMR-WB (Wideband). AMR-NB is optimized for lower bit rates and is suitable for standard speech applications, while AMR-WB provides a higher quality audio experience, making it ideal for applications requiring better sound fidelity.
One of the key advantages of the AMR format is its ability to dynamically adjust the bit rate during a call, which helps to maintain call quality under varying network conditions. This adaptability minimizes the chances of dropped calls or degraded audio quality, which is crucial for mobile communications.
AMR files typically have the file extension '.amr' and can be found in various applications, including voice memos and recordings. While AMR is primarily used for speech, it can also encode non-speech audio, although its efficiency for music is less favorable compared to other formats.
The format has been standardized, making it compatible across different devices and platforms, which facilitates widespread use in mobile phones, smartphones, and other voice recording devices. Additionally, AMR is often used in applications such as VoIP services, video conferencing, and multimedia messaging services (MMS).
Despite newer codecs emerging, AMR remains relevant due to its efficiency and the extensive infrastructure in place for its support in telecommunications. Developers working on mobile applications that require voice capture and playback often choose AMR for its balance between quality and file size.